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What Does "Display Contrast Ratio" Really Mean?
A high contrast ratio is a desirable feature on any display. By
definition, contrast ratio measures the luminosity of the brightest
and darkest color that an LCD can display. If a display has a poor
contrast ratio there will be a lack of true black and desaturated
colors.
There
are a variety of methods that can be used to measure a display's
contrast ratio and each of these methods can provide a wide array
of results for the same display. A typical contrast ratio may be
noted as 1000:1 or 100:1. The larger number will result in the best
contrast. Display manufacturers and designers prefer different methods
of measurements.
Manufacturers
measure the contrast ratio based on methods that isolate the display
from the system, whereas, designers prefer methods that allow them
to factor in the room effect. Ideally a room absorbs all light and
the only light displayed would be from the monitor, however, in
actual rooms some of the light is reflected back to the display
which effectively decreases the contrast ratio.
To
further complicate contrast ratio measurements, one must consider
both static and dynamic contrast ratios. The static ratio only considers
luminosity levels at a single instance in time, whereas, the dynamic
ratio considers the luminosity the monitor displays over a period
of time. This may be thought of more simply by referring to the
static ratio as measuring a static image and the dynamic ratio by
considering the affects of a more dynamic or moving image.
Ideal
Room Measurement
This type of measurement is typical of manufacturers because it
results in the highest possible contrast ratios. This is done by
keeping the room at optimum conditions so that the reflective light
remains constant. Testing in this manner has no affect on luminance
levels, however, it does inflate the light levels.
Real
Room Measurement
Contras ratios are more realistic when measured in real rooms that
expose the display to conditions where some light is reflected back
to the display. ANSI contrast simultaneously measures luminosity
values using a checker board patterned test image.
The
Ideal Room Measurement (full on/full off) measurement method effectively
measures the dynamic contrast ratio of a display, while the Real
Room Measurement (ANSI contrast) is best used to measure static
contrast ratio.
Comparing
dynamic and static contrast ratios is similar to one trying to compare
apples and oranges. These items should never be directly compared.
Some manufactures choose to market only the dynamic contrast ratio
when the result is better than the display's static ratio. A display
with a static contrast ratio of 10000:1 is a much better display
than one with a 10000:1 dynamic and 5000:1 static contrast ratio
when the input signal contains full range of brightness' from 0
to 100% simultaneously. However the displays will be equal when
the input signal range is decreased to a 0 to 20% brightness level.
In
order to achieve optimum contrast ratio results, displays are typically
measured in completely dark rooms. It will be nearly impossible
to achieve these same results during normal viewing conditions.
The reduction in contrast ratio will depend on the display luminance
and the reflective light in the room.
For
more information please complete the contact
form or call 1-800-223-8050.
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