A | B | C
| D | E | F
| G | H | I
| J | K | L
| M | N | O
| P | Q | R
| S | T | U
| V | W | X
| Y | Z
A
Active Area- Effective Area
In the viewing area of the LCD glass, the dimensions of
the perimeter of the conductive area.
Active Matrix Display- A
type of display which uses Thin-Film Transistors (TFT) to
control each pixel individually. Active Matrix Displays
offer higher contrast ratios, wider viewing angles, and
faster response times than Passive Matrix Displays.
Aperture Ratio- The actual
light-transmitting area against the theoretical sub-pixel
size calculated with active area and resolution.
Aspect Ratio- The relationship
of width and height. When an image is displayed on different
screens, the aspect ratio must be kept the same to avoid
'stretching' in either the vertical or horizontal direction.
For most current monitors, this ratio is 4:3. For HDTV,
the ratio will be 16:9 or 16:10.
B
Backlight - Some LCD displays are illuminated by the
use of separate light sources or backlight that are built
into the unit behind the LCD panel.
Bezel- A frame of plastic or
metal, fitting over the LCD glass, to protect the edges of
the glass, ESD(Electro Static Discharge), and to reinforce
LCD structure.
Brightness- The attribute of
visual perception in accordance with which an area appears
to emit more of less light. (Luminance is the recommended
name for the photo-electric quantity which has also been called
brightness.)
C
CCFL Cold Cathode Backlight-
A type of fluorescent backlighting or edge lighting.
Cell Gap- The space containing
liquid crystal fluid between the two pieces of glass.
COG CHIP-ON-GLASS- A new
technology that mounts the LCD driver to the contact edge
of the LCD glass.
Contrast Ratio - The difference
in luminance between all-white divided by the brightness
of an all black.
Color Temperature- Measured
in degrees Kelvin, reference to color temperature provides
a standard for defining standard colors emitted from computer
displays. 6500K is close to the European TV standard, and
close to the white color under the sun at noon.
Cross Talk- A phenomenon occurring
when voltage from an energized element leaks to an adjacent
OFF element and turns the adjacent element partially ON, making
them slightly visible.
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D
Digital Visual Interface (DVI)-
A digital flat panel interface introduced by the Digital Display
Working Group (DDWG). Although other interfaces have been
introduced, DVI is expected to become the industry standard.
Display Data Channel (DDC)-
A communication channel for the transmission of information
between the display monitor and the PC that allows for automatic
configuration of the hardware. In other words, "Plug
and Play" compatibility.
Dot Clock/Dot Frequency- The
frequency with which dots (or pixels) are illuminated on the
screen; how quickly a single dot can be produced on the screen.
A general formula for calculating the dot frequency is:
H x V x refresh-rate x 1.25( to1.3)
Dot Pitch- The distance between
one pixel to adjacent pixel (not sub pixel). Dot pitch gives
a general idea of the monitor's ability to produce sharp images.
E
F
G
GHOSTING - Refer to "Cross
Talk"
H
Higher color saturation-
makes the display more vivid and increases the image quality.
With CMO's newly developed high color saturation technology,
the color saturation of LCD could be increased even reach
NTSC 100%, which is 1.4 times of that of current CRT (sRGB
specification, same as the HDTV specification). more info
I
Inverter- Converts DC to
AC at a high frequency & voltage, and powers fluorescent
lamps.
IPS - In-Plane Switching.
Single domain IPS has slight color shifts under certain
viewing angle, but Dual domain IPS has less color shifts.
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J
K
L
Liquid Crystal Display (LCD)-
A glass panel display that electronically controls the light
passing it using liquid crystal.
LVDS- Low Voltage Differential
Signaling.
M
Module- An LCD which includes
a PCB, driver electronics, bezel, and possibly a backlight.
N
O
P
Polarize - A stretched polymer
which transmits light in only one axis. A typical display
has polarizes on the front and back.
Q
R
Refresh Rate- The frequency
with which the entire image on the screen is redrawn. The
refresh rate is measured in hertz, therefore, a refresh
rate of 60 Hz, means the image is redrawn 60 times per second.
Response time- Time interval between 10%(on) to 90%(on)
or 90%(off) to 10%(off) of brightness.
RGB- The initials of the colors Red, Green and Blue. Any
color can be composed with the combination of the three
colors.
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S
sRGB - a color space defined
by Microsoft and Hewlett-Packard with the aim of color matching
between applications and hardware devices such as monitors,
scanners, printers, and digital cameras.
T
TAB Tape Automated Bonding-
LCD driver or controller electronics are encapsulated in a
thin, film like package, with metal leads extension from the
IC chips.
TFT- Thin Film Transistor:
a type of LCD flat-panel display screen, in which each pixel
is controlled by from one to four transistors. TFT technology
provides the best resolution of all the current flat-panel
techniques. TFT screens are sometimes called active-matrix
LCDs.
Twisted Nematic (TN)- A type
of liquid crystal where the alignment surface, and therefore
the liquid crystal molecules, is oriented 90 degrees from
each surface of glass.
U
V
Viewing Angle- A cone perpendicular
to the LCD in which minimum contrast can be seen.
W
X
Y
Z
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